virtio-net: correct error handling of virtqueue_kick()

[~andy/linux] / drivers / net / virtio_net.c

/* A network driver using virtio.
 *
 * Copyright 2007 Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> IBM Corporation
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
//#define DEBUG
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/etherdevice.h>
#include <linux/ethtool.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/virtio.h>
#include <linux/virtio_net.h>
#include <linux/scatterlist.h>
#include <linux/if_vlan.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/average.h>

static int napi_weight = NAPI_POLL_WEIGHT;
module_param(napi_weight, int, 0444);

static bool csum = true, gso = true;
module_param(csum, bool, 0444);
module_param(gso, bool, 0444);

/* FIXME: MTU in config. */
#define GOOD_PACKET_LEN (ETH_HLEN + VLAN_HLEN + ETH_DATA_LEN)
#define GOOD_COPY_LEN   128

/* Weight used for the RX packet size EWMA. The average packet size is used to
 * determine the packet buffer size when refilling RX rings. As the entire RX
 * ring may be refilled at once, the weight is chosen so that the EWMA will be
 * insensitive to short-term, transient changes in packet size.
 */
#define RECEIVE_AVG_WEIGHT 64

/* Minimum alignment for mergeable packet buffers. */
#define MERGEABLE_BUFFER_ALIGN max(L1_CACHE_BYTES, 256)

#define VIRTNET_DRIVER_VERSION "1.0.0"

struct virtnet_stats {
        struct u64_stats_sync tx_syncp;
        struct u64_stats_sync rx_syncp;
        u64 tx_bytes;
        u64 tx_packets;

        u64 rx_bytes;
        u64 rx_packets;
};

/* Internal representation of a send virtqueue */
struct send_queue {
        /* Virtqueue associated with this send _queue */
        struct virtqueue *vq;

        /* TX: fragments + linear part + virtio header */
        struct scatterlist sg[MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 2];

        /* Name of the send queue: output.$index */
        char name[40];
};

/* Internal representation of a receive virtqueue */
struct receive_queue {
        /* Virtqueue associated with this receive_queue */
        struct virtqueue *vq;

        struct napi_struct napi;

        /* Chain pages by the private ptr. */
        struct page *pages;

        /* Average packet length for mergeable receive buffers. */
        struct ewma mrg_avg_pkt_len;

        /* Page frag for packet buffer allocation. */
        struct page_frag alloc_frag;

        /* RX: fragments + linear part + virtio header */
        struct scatterlist sg[MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 2];

        /* Name of this receive queue: input.$index */
        char name[40];
};

struct virtnet_info {
        struct virtio_device *vdev;
        struct virtqueue *cvq;
        struct net_device *dev;
        struct send_queue *sq;
        struct receive_queue *rq;
        unsigned int status;

        /* Max # of queue pairs supported by the device */
        u16 max_queue_pairs;

        /* # of queue pairs currently used by the driver */
        u16 curr_queue_pairs;

        /* I like... big packets and I cannot lie! */
        bool big_packets;

        /* Host will merge rx buffers for big packets (shake it! shake it!) */
        bool mergeable_rx_bufs;

        /* Has control virtqueue */
        bool has_cvq;

        /* Host can handle any s/g split between our header and packet data */
        bool any_header_sg;

        /* enable config space updates */
        bool config_enable;

        /* Active statistics */
        struct virtnet_stats __percpu *stats;

        /* Work struct for refilling if we run low on memory. */
        struct delayed_work refill;

        /* Work struct for config space updates */
        struct work_struct config_work;

        /* Lock for config space updates */
        struct mutex config_lock;

        /* Does the affinity hint is set for virtqueues? */
        bool affinity_hint_set;

        /* CPU hot plug notifier */
        struct notifier_block nb;
};

struct skb_vnet_hdr {
        union {
                struct virtio_net_hdr hdr;
                struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf mhdr;
        };
};

struct padded_vnet_hdr {
        struct virtio_net_hdr hdr;
        /*
         * virtio_net_hdr should be in a separated sg buffer because of a
         * QEMU bug, and data sg buffer shares same page with this header sg.
         * This padding makes next sg 16 byte aligned after virtio_net_hdr.
         */
        char padding[6];
};

/* Converting between virtqueue no. and kernel tx/rx queue no.
 * 0:rx0 1:tx0 2:rx1 3:tx1 ... 2N:rxN 2N+1:txN 2N+2:cvq
 */
static int vq2txq(struct virtqueue *vq)
{
        return (vq->index - 1) / 2;
}

static int txq2vq(int txq)
{
        return txq * 2 + 1;
}

static int vq2rxq(struct virtqueue *vq)
{
        return vq->index / 2;
}

static int rxq2vq(int rxq)
{
        return rxq * 2;
}

static inline struct skb_vnet_hdr *skb_vnet_hdr(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        return (struct skb_vnet_hdr *)skb->cb;
}

/*
 * private is used to chain pages for big packets, put the whole
 * most recent used list in the beginning for reuse
 */
static void give_pages(struct receive_queue *rq, struct page *page)
{
        struct page *end;

        /* Find end of list, sew whole thing into vi->rq.pages. */
        for (end = page; end->private; end = (struct page *)end->private);
        end->private = (unsigned long)rq->pages;
        rq->pages = page;
}

static struct page *get_a_page(struct receive_queue *rq, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        struct page *p = rq->pages;

        if (p) {
                rq->pages = (struct page *)p->private;
                /* clear private here, it is used to chain pages */
                p->private = 0;
        } else
                p = alloc_page(gfp_mask);
        return p;
}

static void skb_xmit_done(struct virtqueue *vq)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = vq->vdev->priv;

        /* Suppress further interrupts. */
        virtqueue_disable_cb(vq);

        /* We were probably waiting for more output buffers. */
        netif_wake_subqueue(vi->dev, vq2txq(vq));
}

static unsigned int mergeable_ctx_to_buf_truesize(unsigned long mrg_ctx)
{
        unsigned int truesize = mrg_ctx & (MERGEABLE_BUFFER_ALIGN - 1);
        return (truesize + 1) * MERGEABLE_BUFFER_ALIGN;
}

static void *mergeable_ctx_to_buf_address(unsigned long mrg_ctx)
{
        return (void *)(mrg_ctx & -MERGEABLE_BUFFER_ALIGN);

}

static unsigned long mergeable_buf_to_ctx(void *buf, unsigned int truesize)
{
        unsigned int size = truesize / MERGEABLE_BUFFER_ALIGN;
        return (unsigned long)buf | (size - 1);
}

/* Called from bottom half context */
static struct sk_buff *page_to_skb(struct receive_queue *rq,
                                   struct page *page, unsigned int offset,
                                   unsigned int len, unsigned int truesize)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rq->vq->vdev->priv;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct skb_vnet_hdr *hdr;
        unsigned int copy, hdr_len, hdr_padded_len;
        char *p;

        p = page_address(page) + offset;

        /* copy small packet so we can reuse these pages for small data */
        skb = netdev_alloc_skb_ip_align(vi->dev, GOOD_COPY_LEN);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return NULL;

        hdr = skb_vnet_hdr(skb);

        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs) {
                hdr_len = sizeof hdr->mhdr;
                hdr_padded_len = sizeof hdr->mhdr;
        } else {
                hdr_len = sizeof hdr->hdr;
                hdr_padded_len = sizeof(struct padded_vnet_hdr);
        }

        memcpy(hdr, p, hdr_len);

        len -= hdr_len;
        offset += hdr_padded_len;
        p += hdr_padded_len;

        copy = len;
        if (copy > skb_tailroom(skb))
                copy = skb_tailroom(skb);
        memcpy(skb_put(skb, copy), p, copy);

        len -= copy;
        offset += copy;

        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs) {
                if (len)
                        skb_add_rx_frag(skb, 0, page, offset, len, truesize);
                else
                        put_page(page);
                return skb;
        }

        /*
         * Verify that we can indeed put this data into a skb.
         * This is here to handle cases when the device erroneously
         * tries to receive more than is possible. This is usually
         * the case of a broken device.
         */
        if (unlikely(len > MAX_SKB_FRAGS * PAGE_SIZE)) {
                net_dbg_ratelimited("%s: too much data\n", skb->dev->name);
                dev_kfree_skb(skb);
                return NULL;
        }
        BUG_ON(offset >= PAGE_SIZE);
        while (len) {
                unsigned int frag_size = min((unsigned)PAGE_SIZE - offset, len);
                skb_add_rx_frag(skb, skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags, page, offset,
                                frag_size, truesize);
                len -= frag_size;
                page = (struct page *)page->private;
                offset = 0;
        }

        if (page)
                give_pages(rq, page);

        return skb;
}

static struct sk_buff *receive_small(void *buf, unsigned int len)
{
        struct sk_buff * skb = buf;

        len -= sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr);
        skb_trim(skb, len);

        return skb;
}

static struct sk_buff *receive_big(struct net_device *dev,
                                   struct receive_queue *rq,
                                   void *buf,
                                   unsigned int len)
{
        struct page *page = buf;
        struct sk_buff *skb = page_to_skb(rq, page, 0, len, PAGE_SIZE);

        if (unlikely(!skb))
                goto err;

        return skb;

err:
        dev->stats.rx_dropped++;
        give_pages(rq, page);
        return NULL;
}

static struct sk_buff *receive_mergeable(struct net_device *dev,
                                         struct receive_queue *rq,
                                         unsigned long ctx,
                                         unsigned int len)
{
        void *buf = mergeable_ctx_to_buf_address(ctx);
        struct skb_vnet_hdr *hdr = buf;
        int num_buf = hdr->mhdr.num_buffers;
        struct page *page = virt_to_head_page(buf);
        int offset = buf - page_address(page);
        unsigned int truesize = max(len, mergeable_ctx_to_buf_truesize(ctx));

        struct sk_buff *head_skb = page_to_skb(rq, page, offset, len, truesize);
        struct sk_buff *curr_skb = head_skb;

        if (unlikely(!curr_skb))
                goto err_skb;
        while (--num_buf) {
                int num_skb_frags;

                ctx = (unsigned long)virtqueue_get_buf(rq->vq, &len);
                if (unlikely(!ctx)) {
                        pr_debug("%s: rx error: %d buffers out of %d missing\n",
                                 dev->name, num_buf, hdr->mhdr.num_buffers);
                        dev->stats.rx_length_errors++;
                        goto err_buf;
                }

                buf = mergeable_ctx_to_buf_address(ctx);
                page = virt_to_head_page(buf);

                num_skb_frags = skb_shinfo(curr_skb)->nr_frags;
                if (unlikely(num_skb_frags == MAX_SKB_FRAGS)) {
                        struct sk_buff *nskb = alloc_skb(0, GFP_ATOMIC);

                        if (unlikely(!nskb))
                                goto err_skb;
                        if (curr_skb == head_skb)
                                skb_shinfo(curr_skb)->frag_list = nskb;
                        else
                                curr_skb->next = nskb;
                        curr_skb = nskb;
                        head_skb->truesize += nskb->truesize;
                        num_skb_frags = 0;
                }
                truesize = max(len, mergeable_ctx_to_buf_truesize(ctx));
                if (curr_skb != head_skb) {
                        head_skb->data_len += len;
                        head_skb->len += len;
                        head_skb->truesize += truesize;
                }
                offset = buf - page_address(page);
                if (skb_can_coalesce(curr_skb, num_skb_frags, page, offset)) {
                        put_page(page);
                        skb_coalesce_rx_frag(curr_skb, num_skb_frags - 1,
                                             len, truesize);
                } else {
                        skb_add_rx_frag(curr_skb, num_skb_frags, page,
                                        offset, len, truesize);
                }
        }

        ewma_add(&rq->mrg_avg_pkt_len, head_skb->len);
        return head_skb;

err_skb:
        put_page(page);
        while (--num_buf) {
                ctx = (unsigned long)virtqueue_get_buf(rq->vq, &len);
                if (unlikely(!ctx)) {
                        pr_debug("%s: rx error: %d buffers missing\n",
                                 dev->name, num_buf);
                        dev->stats.rx_length_errors++;
                        break;
                }
                page = virt_to_head_page(mergeable_ctx_to_buf_address(ctx));
                put_page(page);
        }
err_buf:
        dev->stats.rx_dropped++;
        dev_kfree_skb(head_skb);
        return NULL;
}

static void receive_buf(struct receive_queue *rq, void *buf, unsigned int len)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rq->vq->vdev->priv;
        struct net_device *dev = vi->dev;
        struct virtnet_stats *stats = this_cpu_ptr(vi->stats);
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct skb_vnet_hdr *hdr;

        if (unlikely(len < sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr) + ETH_HLEN)) {
                pr_debug("%s: short packet %i\n", dev->name, len);
                dev->stats.rx_length_errors++;
                if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs) {
                        unsigned long ctx = (unsigned long)buf;
                        void *base = mergeable_ctx_to_buf_address(ctx);
                        put_page(virt_to_head_page(base));
                } else if (vi->big_packets) {
                        give_pages(rq, buf);
                } else {
                        dev_kfree_skb(buf);
                }
                return;
        }

        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs)
                skb = receive_mergeable(dev, rq, (unsigned long)buf, len);
        else if (vi->big_packets)
                skb = receive_big(dev, rq, buf, len);
        else
                skb = receive_small(buf, len);

        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return;

        hdr = skb_vnet_hdr(skb);

        u64_stats_update_begin(&stats->rx_syncp);
        stats->rx_bytes += skb->len;
        stats->rx_packets++;
        u64_stats_update_end(&stats->rx_syncp);

        if (hdr->hdr.flags & VIRTIO_NET_HDR_F_NEEDS_CSUM) {
                pr_debug("Needs csum!\n");
                if (!skb_partial_csum_set(skb,
                                          hdr->hdr.csum_start,
                                          hdr->hdr.csum_offset))
                        goto frame_err;
        } else if (hdr->hdr.flags & VIRTIO_NET_HDR_F_DATA_VALID) {
                skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY;
        }

        skb->protocol = eth_type_trans(skb, dev);
        pr_debug("Receiving skb proto 0x%04x len %i type %i\n",
                 ntohs(skb->protocol), skb->len, skb->pkt_type);

        if (hdr->hdr.gso_type != VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_NONE) {
                pr_debug("GSO!\n");
                switch (hdr->hdr.gso_type & ~VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_ECN) {
                case VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_TCPV4:
                        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type = SKB_GSO_TCPV4;
                        break;
                case VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_UDP:
                        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type = SKB_GSO_UDP;
                        break;
                case VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_TCPV6:
                        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type = SKB_GSO_TCPV6;
                        break;
                default:
                        net_warn_ratelimited("%s: bad gso type %u.\n",
                                             dev->name, hdr->hdr.gso_type);
                        goto frame_err;
                }

                if (hdr->hdr.gso_type & VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_ECN)
                        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type |= SKB_GSO_TCP_ECN;

                skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size = hdr->hdr.gso_size;
                if (skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size == 0) {
                        net_warn_ratelimited("%s: zero gso size.\n", dev->name);
                        goto frame_err;
                }

                /* Header must be checked, and gso_segs computed. */
                skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type |= SKB_GSO_DODGY;
                skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_segs = 0;
        }

        netif_receive_skb(skb);
        return;

frame_err:
        dev->stats.rx_frame_errors++;
        dev_kfree_skb(skb);
}

static int add_recvbuf_small(struct receive_queue *rq, gfp_t gfp)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rq->vq->vdev->priv;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct skb_vnet_hdr *hdr;
        int err;

        skb = __netdev_alloc_skb_ip_align(vi->dev, GOOD_PACKET_LEN, gfp);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return -ENOMEM;

        skb_put(skb, GOOD_PACKET_LEN);

        hdr = skb_vnet_hdr(skb);
        sg_set_buf(rq->sg, &hdr->hdr, sizeof hdr->hdr);

        skb_to_sgvec(skb, rq->sg + 1, 0, skb->len);

        err = virtqueue_add_inbuf(rq->vq, rq->sg, 2, skb, gfp);
        if (err < 0)
                dev_kfree_skb(skb);

        return err;
}

static int add_recvbuf_big(struct receive_queue *rq, gfp_t gfp)
{
        struct page *first, *list = NULL;
        char *p;
        int i, err, offset;

        /* page in rq->sg[MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 1] is list tail */
        for (i = MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 1; i > 1; --i) {
                first = get_a_page(rq, gfp);
                if (!first) {
                        if (list)
                                give_pages(rq, list);
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }
                sg_set_buf(&rq->sg[i], page_address(first), PAGE_SIZE);

                /* chain new page in list head to match sg */
                first->private = (unsigned long)list;
                list = first;
        }

        first = get_a_page(rq, gfp);
        if (!first) {
                give_pages(rq, list);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        p = page_address(first);

        /* rq->sg[0], rq->sg[1] share the same page */
        /* a separated rq->sg[0] for virtio_net_hdr only due to QEMU bug */
        sg_set_buf(&rq->sg[0], p, sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr));

        /* rq->sg[1] for data packet, from offset */
        offset = sizeof(struct padded_vnet_hdr);
        sg_set_buf(&rq->sg[1], p + offset, PAGE_SIZE - offset);

        /* chain first in list head */
        first->private = (unsigned long)list;
        err = virtqueue_add_inbuf(rq->vq, rq->sg, MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 2,
                                  first, gfp);
        if (err < 0)
                give_pages(rq, first);

        return err;
}

static unsigned int get_mergeable_buf_len(struct ewma *avg_pkt_len)
{
        const size_t hdr_len = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf);
        unsigned int len;

        len = hdr_len + clamp_t(unsigned int, ewma_read(avg_pkt_len),
                        GOOD_PACKET_LEN, PAGE_SIZE - hdr_len);
        return ALIGN(len, MERGEABLE_BUFFER_ALIGN);
}

static int add_recvbuf_mergeable(struct receive_queue *rq, gfp_t gfp)
{
        struct page_frag *alloc_frag = &rq->alloc_frag;
        char *buf;
        unsigned long ctx;
        int err;
        unsigned int len, hole;

        len = get_mergeable_buf_len(&rq->mrg_avg_pkt_len);
        if (unlikely(!skb_page_frag_refill(len, alloc_frag, gfp)))
                return -ENOMEM;

        buf = (char *)page_address(alloc_frag->page) + alloc_frag->offset;
        ctx = mergeable_buf_to_ctx(buf, len);
        get_page(alloc_frag->page);
        alloc_frag->offset += len;
        hole = alloc_frag->size - alloc_frag->offset;
        if (hole < len) {
                /* To avoid internal fragmentation, if there is very likely not
                 * enough space for another buffer, add the remaining space to
                 * the current buffer. This extra space is not included in
                 * the truesize stored in ctx.
                 */
                len += hole;
                alloc_frag->offset += hole;
        }

        sg_init_one(rq->sg, buf, len);
        err = virtqueue_add_inbuf(rq->vq, rq->sg, 1, (void *)ctx, gfp);
        if (err < 0)
                put_page(virt_to_head_page(buf));

        return err;
}

/*
 * Returns false if we couldn't fill entirely (OOM).
 *
 * Normally run in the receive path, but can also be run from ndo_open
 * before we're receiving packets, or from refill_work which is
 * careful to disable receiving (using napi_disable).
 */
static bool try_fill_recv(struct receive_queue *rq, gfp_t gfp)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rq->vq->vdev->priv;
        int err;
        bool oom;

        gfp |= __GFP_COLD;
        do {
                if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs)
                        err = add_recvbuf_mergeable(rq, gfp);
                else if (vi->big_packets)
                        err = add_recvbuf_big(rq, gfp);
                else
                        err = add_recvbuf_small(rq, gfp);

                oom = err == -ENOMEM;
                if (err)
                        break;
        } while (rq->vq->num_free);
        virtqueue_kick(rq->vq);
        return !oom;
}

static void skb_recv_done(struct virtqueue *rvq)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rvq->vdev->priv;
        struct receive_queue *rq = &vi->rq[vq2rxq(rvq)];

        /* Schedule NAPI, Suppress further interrupts if successful. */
        if (napi_schedule_prep(&rq->napi)) {
                virtqueue_disable_cb(rvq);
                __napi_schedule(&rq->napi);
        }
}

static void virtnet_napi_enable(struct receive_queue *rq)
{
        napi_enable(&rq->napi);

        /* If all buffers were filled by other side before we napi_enabled, we
         * won't get another interrupt, so process any outstanding packets
         * now.  virtnet_poll wants re-enable the queue, so we disable here.
         * We synchronize against interrupts via NAPI_STATE_SCHED */
        if (napi_schedule_prep(&rq->napi)) {
                virtqueue_disable_cb(rq->vq);
                local_bh_disable();
                __napi_schedule(&rq->napi);
                local_bh_enable();
        }
}

static void refill_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi =
                container_of(work, struct virtnet_info, refill.work);
        bool still_empty;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++) {
                struct receive_queue *rq = &vi->rq[i];

                napi_disable(&rq->napi);
                still_empty = !try_fill_recv(rq, GFP_KERNEL);
                virtnet_napi_enable(rq);

                /* In theory, this can happen: if we don't get any buffers in
                 * we will *never* try to fill again.
                 */
                if (still_empty)
                        schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, HZ/2);
        }
}

static int virtnet_poll(struct napi_struct *napi, int budget)
{
        struct receive_queue *rq =
                container_of(napi, struct receive_queue, napi);
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rq->vq->vdev->priv;
        void *buf;
        unsigned int r, len, received = 0;

again:
        while (received < budget &&
               (buf = virtqueue_get_buf(rq->vq, &len)) != NULL) {
                receive_buf(rq, buf, len);
                received++;
        }

        if (rq->vq->num_free > virtqueue_get_vring_size(rq->vq) / 2) {
                if (!try_fill_recv(rq, GFP_ATOMIC))
                        schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, 0);
        }

        /* Out of packets? */
        if (received < budget) {
                r = virtqueue_enable_cb_prepare(rq->vq);
                napi_complete(napi);
                if (unlikely(virtqueue_poll(rq->vq, r)) &&
                    napi_schedule_prep(napi)) {
                        virtqueue_disable_cb(rq->vq);
                        __napi_schedule(napi);
                        goto again;
                }
        }

        return received;
}

static int virtnet_open(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                if (i < vi->curr_queue_pairs)
                        /* Make sure we have some buffers: if oom use wq. */
                        if (!try_fill_recv(&vi->rq[i], GFP_KERNEL))
                                schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, 0);
                virtnet_napi_enable(&vi->rq[i]);
        }

        return 0;
}

static void free_old_xmit_skbs(struct send_queue *sq)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        unsigned int len;
        struct virtnet_info *vi = sq->vq->vdev->priv;
        struct virtnet_stats *stats = this_cpu_ptr(vi->stats);

        while ((skb = virtqueue_get_buf(sq->vq, &len)) != NULL) {
                pr_debug("Sent skb %p\n", skb);

                u64_stats_update_begin(&stats->tx_syncp);
                stats->tx_bytes += skb->len;
                stats->tx_packets++;
                u64_stats_update_end(&stats->tx_syncp);

                dev_kfree_skb_any(skb);
        }
}

static int xmit_skb(struct send_queue *sq, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct skb_vnet_hdr *hdr;
        const unsigned char *dest = ((struct ethhdr *)skb->data)->h_dest;
        struct virtnet_info *vi = sq->vq->vdev->priv;
        unsigned num_sg;
        unsigned hdr_len;
        bool can_push;

        pr_debug("%s: xmit %p %pM\n", vi->dev->name, skb, dest);
        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs)
                hdr_len = sizeof hdr->mhdr;
        else
                hdr_len = sizeof hdr->hdr;

        can_push = vi->any_header_sg &&
                !((unsigned long)skb->data & (__alignof__(*hdr) - 1)) &&
                !skb_header_cloned(skb) && skb_headroom(skb) >= hdr_len;
        /* Even if we can, don't push here yet as this would skew
         * csum_start offset below. */
        if (can_push)
                hdr = (struct skb_vnet_hdr *)(skb->data - hdr_len);
        else
                hdr = skb_vnet_hdr(skb);

        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL) {
                hdr->hdr.flags = VIRTIO_NET_HDR_F_NEEDS_CSUM;
                hdr->hdr.csum_start = skb_checksum_start_offset(skb);
                hdr->hdr.csum_offset = skb->csum_offset;
        } else {
                hdr->hdr.flags = 0;
                hdr->hdr.csum_offset = hdr->hdr.csum_start = 0;
        }

        if (skb_is_gso(skb)) {
                hdr->hdr.hdr_len = skb_headlen(skb);
                hdr->hdr.gso_size = skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size;
                if (skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_TCPV4)
                        hdr->hdr.gso_type = VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_TCPV4;
                else if (skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_TCPV6)
                        hdr->hdr.gso_type = VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_TCPV6;
                else if (skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_UDP)
                        hdr->hdr.gso_type = VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_UDP;
                else
                        BUG();
                if (skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_TCP_ECN)
                        hdr->hdr.gso_type |= VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_ECN;
        } else {
                hdr->hdr.gso_type = VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_NONE;
                hdr->hdr.gso_size = hdr->hdr.hdr_len = 0;
        }

        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs)
                hdr->mhdr.num_buffers = 0;

        if (can_push) {
                __skb_push(skb, hdr_len);
                num_sg = skb_to_sgvec(skb, sq->sg, 0, skb->len);
                /* Pull header back to avoid skew in tx bytes calculations. */
                __skb_pull(skb, hdr_len);
        } else {
                sg_set_buf(sq->sg, hdr, hdr_len);
                num_sg = skb_to_sgvec(skb, sq->sg + 1, 0, skb->len) + 1;
        }
        return virtqueue_add_outbuf(sq->vq, sq->sg, num_sg, skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
}

static netdev_tx_t start_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int qnum = skb_get_queue_mapping(skb);
        struct send_queue *sq = &vi->sq[qnum];
        int err;

        /* Free up any pending old buffers before queueing new ones. */
        free_old_xmit_skbs(sq);

        /* Try to transmit */
        err = xmit_skb(sq, skb);

        /* This should not happen! */
        if (unlikely(err)) {
                dev->stats.tx_fifo_errors++;
                if (net_ratelimit())
                        dev_warn(&dev->dev,
                                 "Unexpected TXQ (%d) queue failure: %d\n", qnum, err);
                dev->stats.tx_dropped++;
                kfree_skb(skb);
                return NETDEV_TX_OK;
        }
        virtqueue_kick(sq->vq);

        /* Don't wait up for transmitted skbs to be freed. */
        skb_orphan(skb);
        nf_reset(skb);

        /* Apparently nice girls don't return TX_BUSY; stop the queue
         * before it gets out of hand.  Naturally, this wastes entries. */
        if (sq->vq->num_free < 2+MAX_SKB_FRAGS) {
                netif_stop_subqueue(dev, qnum);
                if (unlikely(!virtqueue_enable_cb_delayed(sq->vq))) {
                        /* More just got used, free them then recheck. */
                        free_old_xmit_skbs(sq);
                        if (sq->vq->num_free >= 2+MAX_SKB_FRAGS) {
                                netif_start_subqueue(dev, qnum);
                                virtqueue_disable_cb(sq->vq);
                        }
                }
        }

        return NETDEV_TX_OK;
}

/*
 * Send command via the control virtqueue and check status.  Commands
 * supported by the hypervisor, as indicated by feature bits, should
 * never fail unless improperly formatted.
 */
static bool virtnet_send_command(struct virtnet_info *vi, u8 class, u8 cmd,
                                 struct scatterlist *out)
{
        struct scatterlist *sgs[4], hdr, stat;
        struct virtio_net_ctrl_hdr ctrl;
        virtio_net_ctrl_ack status = ~0;
        unsigned out_num = 0, tmp;

        /* Caller should know better */
        BUG_ON(!virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ));

        ctrl.class = class;
        ctrl.cmd = cmd;
        /* Add header */
        sg_init_one(&hdr, &ctrl, sizeof(ctrl));
        sgs[out_num++] = &hdr;

        if (out)
                sgs[out_num++] = out;

        /* Add return status. */
        sg_init_one(&stat, &status, sizeof(status));
        sgs[out_num] = &stat;

        BUG_ON(out_num + 1 > ARRAY_SIZE(sgs));
        BUG_ON(virtqueue_add_sgs(vi->cvq, sgs, out_num, 1, vi, GFP_ATOMIC) < 0);

        if (unlikely(!virtqueue_kick(vi->cvq)))
                return status == VIRTIO_NET_OK;

        /* Spin for a response, the kick causes an ioport write, trapping
         * into the hypervisor, so the request should be handled immediately.
         */
        while (!virtqueue_get_buf(vi->cvq, &tmp) &&
               !virtqueue_is_broken(vi->cvq))
                cpu_relax();

        return status == VIRTIO_NET_OK;
}

static int virtnet_set_mac_address(struct net_device *dev, void *p)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct virtio_device *vdev = vi->vdev;
        int ret;
        struct sockaddr *addr = p;
        struct scatterlist sg;

        ret = eth_prepare_mac_addr_change(dev, p);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_MAC_ADDR)) {
                sg_init_one(&sg, addr->sa_data, dev->addr_len);
                if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MAC,
                                          VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MAC_ADDR_SET, &sg)) {
                        dev_warn(&vdev->dev,
                                 "Failed to set mac address by vq command.\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
        } else if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MAC)) {
                unsigned int i;

                /* Naturally, this has an atomicity problem. */
                for (i = 0; i < dev->addr_len; i++)
                        virtio_cwrite8(vdev,
                                       offsetof(struct virtio_net_config, mac) +
                                       i, addr->sa_data[i]);
        }

        eth_commit_mac_addr_change(dev, p);

        return 0;
}

static struct rtnl_link_stats64 *virtnet_stats(struct net_device *dev,
                                               struct rtnl_link_stats64 *tot)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int cpu;
        unsigned int start;

        for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
                struct virtnet_stats *stats = per_cpu_ptr(vi->stats, cpu);
                u64 tpackets, tbytes, rpackets, rbytes;

                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_bh(&stats->tx_syncp);
                        tpackets = stats->tx_packets;
                        tbytes   = stats->tx_bytes;
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_bh(&stats->tx_syncp, start));

                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_bh(&stats->rx_syncp);
                        rpackets = stats->rx_packets;
                        rbytes   = stats->rx_bytes;
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_bh(&stats->rx_syncp, start));

                tot->rx_packets += rpackets;
                tot->tx_packets += tpackets;
                tot->rx_bytes   += rbytes;
                tot->tx_bytes   += tbytes;
        }

        tot->tx_dropped = dev->stats.tx_dropped;
        tot->tx_fifo_errors = dev->stats.tx_fifo_errors;
        tot->rx_dropped = dev->stats.rx_dropped;
        tot->rx_length_errors = dev->stats.rx_length_errors;
        tot->rx_frame_errors = dev->stats.rx_frame_errors;

        return tot;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_POLL_CONTROLLER
static void virtnet_netpoll(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++)
                napi_schedule(&vi->rq[i].napi);
}
#endif

static void virtnet_ack_link_announce(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        rtnl_lock();
        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_ANNOUNCE,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_ANNOUNCE_ACK, NULL))
                dev_warn(&vi->dev->dev, "Failed to ack link announce.\n");
        rtnl_unlock();
}

static int virtnet_set_queues(struct virtnet_info *vi, u16 queue_pairs)
{
        struct scatterlist sg;
        struct virtio_net_ctrl_mq s;
        struct net_device *dev = vi->dev;

        if (!vi->has_cvq || !virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MQ))
                return 0;

        s.virtqueue_pairs = queue_pairs;
        sg_init_one(&sg, &s, sizeof(s));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MQ,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MQ_VQ_PAIRS_SET, &sg)) {
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Fail to set num of queue pairs to %d\n",
                         queue_pairs);
                return -EINVAL;
        } else {
                vi->curr_queue_pairs = queue_pairs;
                /* virtnet_open() will refill when device is going to up. */
                if (dev->flags & IFF_UP)
                        schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, 0);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_close(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int i;

        /* Make sure refill_work doesn't re-enable napi! */
        cancel_delayed_work_sync(&vi->refill);

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++)
                napi_disable(&vi->rq[i].napi);

        return 0;
}

static void virtnet_set_rx_mode(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct scatterlist sg[2];
        u8 promisc, allmulti;
        struct virtio_net_ctrl_mac *mac_data;
        struct netdev_hw_addr *ha;
        int uc_count;
        int mc_count;
        void *buf;
        int i;

        /* We can't dynamically set ndo_set_rx_mode, so return gracefully */
        if (!virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_RX))
                return;

        promisc = ((dev->flags & IFF_PROMISC) != 0);
        allmulti = ((dev->flags & IFF_ALLMULTI) != 0);

        sg_init_one(sg, &promisc, sizeof(promisc));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_PROMISC, sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to %sable promisc mode.\n",
                         promisc ? "en" : "dis");

        sg_init_one(sg, &allmulti, sizeof(allmulti));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_ALLMULTI, sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to %sable allmulti mode.\n",
                         allmulti ? "en" : "dis");

        uc_count = netdev_uc_count(dev);
        mc_count = netdev_mc_count(dev);
        /* MAC filter - use one buffer for both lists */
        buf = kzalloc(((uc_count + mc_count) * ETH_ALEN) +
                      (2 * sizeof(mac_data->entries)), GFP_ATOMIC);
        mac_data = buf;
        if (!buf)
                return;

        sg_init_table(sg, 2);

        /* Store the unicast list and count in the front of the buffer */
        mac_data->entries = uc_count;
        i = 0;
        netdev_for_each_uc_addr(ha, dev)
                memcpy(&mac_data->macs[i++][0], ha->addr, ETH_ALEN);

        sg_set_buf(&sg[0], mac_data,
                   sizeof(mac_data->entries) + (uc_count * ETH_ALEN));

        /* multicast list and count fill the end */
        mac_data = (void *)&mac_data->macs[uc_count][0];

        mac_data->entries = mc_count;
        i = 0;
        netdev_for_each_mc_addr(ha, dev)
                memcpy(&mac_data->macs[i++][0], ha->addr, ETH_ALEN);

        sg_set_buf(&sg[1], mac_data,
                   sizeof(mac_data->entries) + (mc_count * ETH_ALEN));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MAC,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MAC_TABLE_SET, sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to set MAC filter table.\n");

        kfree(buf);
}

static int virtnet_vlan_rx_add_vid(struct net_device *dev,
                                   __be16 proto, u16 vid)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct scatterlist sg;

        sg_init_one(&sg, &vid, sizeof(vid));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_VLAN,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_VLAN_ADD, &sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to add VLAN ID %d.\n", vid);
        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_vlan_rx_kill_vid(struct net_device *dev,
                                    __be16 proto, u16 vid)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct scatterlist sg;

        sg_init_one(&sg, &vid, sizeof(vid));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_VLAN,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_VLAN_DEL, &sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to kill VLAN ID %d.\n", vid);
        return 0;
}

static void virtnet_clean_affinity(struct virtnet_info *vi, long hcpu)
{
        int i;

        if (vi->affinity_hint_set) {
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        virtqueue_set_affinity(vi->rq[i].vq, -1);
                        virtqueue_set_affinity(vi->sq[i].vq, -1);
                }

                vi->affinity_hint_set = false;
        }
}

static void virtnet_set_affinity(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int i;
        int cpu;

        /* In multiqueue mode, when the number of cpu is equal to the number of
         * queue pairs, we let the queue pairs to be private to one cpu by
         * setting the affinity hint to eliminate the contention.
         */
        if (vi->curr_queue_pairs == 1 ||
            vi->max_queue_pairs != num_online_cpus()) {
                virtnet_clean_affinity(vi, -1);
                return;
        }

        i = 0;
        for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
                virtqueue_set_affinity(vi->rq[i].vq, cpu);
                virtqueue_set_affinity(vi->sq[i].vq, cpu);
                netif_set_xps_queue(vi->dev, cpumask_of(cpu), i);
                i++;
        }

        vi->affinity_hint_set = true;
}

static int virtnet_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
                                unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = container_of(nfb, struct virtnet_info, nb);

        switch(action & ~CPU_TASKS_FROZEN) {
        case CPU_ONLINE:
        case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
        case CPU_DEAD:
                virtnet_set_affinity(vi);
                break;
        case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
                virtnet_clean_affinity(vi, (long)hcpu);
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }

        return NOTIFY_OK;
}

static void virtnet_get_ringparam(struct net_device *dev,
                                struct ethtool_ringparam *ring)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);

        ring->rx_max_pending = virtqueue_get_vring_size(vi->rq[0].vq);
        ring->tx_max_pending = virtqueue_get_vring_size(vi->sq[0].vq);
        ring->rx_pending = ring->rx_max_pending;
        ring->tx_pending = ring->tx_max_pending;
}


static void virtnet_get_drvinfo(struct net_device *dev,
                                struct ethtool_drvinfo *info)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct virtio_device *vdev = vi->vdev;

        strlcpy(info->driver, KBUILD_MODNAME, sizeof(info->driver));
        strlcpy(info->version, VIRTNET_DRIVER_VERSION, sizeof(info->version));
        strlcpy(info->bus_info, virtio_bus_name(vdev), sizeof(info->bus_info));

}

/* TODO: Eliminate OOO packets during switching */
static int virtnet_set_channels(struct net_device *dev,
                                struct ethtool_channels *channels)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        u16 queue_pairs = channels->combined_count;
        int err;

        /* We don't support separate rx/tx channels.
         * We don't allow setting 'other' channels.
         */
        if (channels->rx_count || channels->tx_count || channels->other_count)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (queue_pairs > vi->max_queue_pairs)
                return -EINVAL;

        get_online_cpus();
        err = virtnet_set_queues(vi, queue_pairs);
        if (!err) {
                netif_set_real_num_tx_queues(dev, queue_pairs);
                netif_set_real_num_rx_queues(dev, queue_pairs);

                virtnet_set_affinity(vi);
        }
        put_online_cpus();

        return err;
}

static void virtnet_get_channels(struct net_device *dev,
                                 struct ethtool_channels *channels)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);

        channels->combined_count = vi->curr_queue_pairs;
        channels->max_combined = vi->max_queue_pairs;
        channels->max_other = 0;
        channels->rx_count = 0;
        channels->tx_count = 0;
        channels->other_count = 0;
}

static const struct ethtool_ops virtnet_ethtool_ops = {
        .get_drvinfo = virtnet_get_drvinfo,
        .get_link = ethtool_op_get_link,
        .get_ringparam = virtnet_get_ringparam,
        .set_channels = virtnet_set_channels,
        .get_channels = virtnet_get_channels,
};

#define MIN_MTU 68
#define MAX_MTU 65535

static int virtnet_change_mtu(struct net_device *dev, int new_mtu)
{
        if (new_mtu < MIN_MTU || new_mtu > MAX_MTU)
                return -EINVAL;
        dev->mtu = new_mtu;
        return 0;
}

static const struct net_device_ops virtnet_netdev = {
        .ndo_open            = virtnet_open,
        .ndo_stop            = virtnet_close,
        .ndo_start_xmit      = start_xmit,
        .ndo_validate_addr   = eth_validate_addr,
        .ndo_set_mac_address = virtnet_set_mac_address,
        .ndo_set_rx_mode     = virtnet_set_rx_mode,
        .ndo_change_mtu      = virtnet_change_mtu,
        .ndo_get_stats64     = virtnet_stats,
        .ndo_vlan_rx_add_vid = virtnet_vlan_rx_add_vid,
        .ndo_vlan_rx_kill_vid = virtnet_vlan_rx_kill_vid,
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_POLL_CONTROLLER
        .ndo_poll_controller = virtnet_netpoll,
#endif
};

static void virtnet_config_changed_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi =
                container_of(work, struct virtnet_info, config_work);
        u16 v;

        mutex_lock(&vi->config_lock);
        if (!vi->config_enable)
                goto done;

        if (virtio_cread_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_STATUS,
                                 struct virtio_net_config, status, &v) < 0)
                goto done;

        if (v & VIRTIO_NET_S_ANNOUNCE) {
                netdev_notify_peers(vi->dev);
                virtnet_ack_link_announce(vi);
        }

        /* Ignore unknown (future) status bits */
        v &= VIRTIO_NET_S_LINK_UP;

        if (vi->status == v)
                goto done;

        vi->status = v;

        if (vi->status & VIRTIO_NET_S_LINK_UP) {
                netif_carrier_on(vi->dev);
                netif_tx_wake_all_queues(vi->dev);
        } else {
                netif_carrier_off(vi->dev);
                netif_tx_stop_all_queues(vi->dev);
        }
done:
        mutex_unlock(&vi->config_lock);
}

static void virtnet_config_changed(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = vdev->priv;

        schedule_work(&vi->config_work);
}

static void virtnet_free_queues(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++)
                netif_napi_del(&vi->rq[i].napi);

        kfree(vi->rq);
        kfree(vi->sq);
}

static void free_receive_bufs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                while (vi->rq[i].pages)
                        __free_pages(get_a_page(&vi->rq[i], GFP_KERNEL), 0);
        }
}

static void free_receive_page_frags(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++)
                if (vi->rq[i].alloc_frag.page)
                        put_page(vi->rq[i].alloc_frag.page);
}

static void free_unused_bufs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        void *buf;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                struct virtqueue *vq = vi->sq[i].vq;
                while ((buf = virtqueue_detach_unused_buf(vq)) != NULL)
                        dev_kfree_skb(buf);
        }

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                struct virtqueue *vq = vi->rq[i].vq;

                while ((buf = virtqueue_detach_unused_buf(vq)) != NULL) {
                        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs) {
                                unsigned long ctx = (unsigned long)buf;
                                void *base = mergeable_ctx_to_buf_address(ctx);
                                put_page(virt_to_head_page(base));
                        } else if (vi->big_packets) {
                                give_pages(&vi->rq[i], buf);
                        } else {
                                dev_kfree_skb(buf);
                        }
                }
        }
}

static void virtnet_del_vqs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        struct virtio_device *vdev = vi->vdev;

        virtnet_clean_affinity(vi, -1);

        vdev->config->del_vqs(vdev);

        virtnet_free_queues(vi);
}

static int virtnet_find_vqs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        vq_callback_t **callbacks;
        struct virtqueue **vqs;
        int ret = -ENOMEM;
        int i, total_vqs;
        const char **names;

        /* We expect 1 RX virtqueue followed by 1 TX virtqueue, followed by
         * possible N-1 RX/TX queue pairs used in multiqueue mode, followed by
         * possible control vq.
         */
        total_vqs = vi->max_queue_pairs * 2 +
                    virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ);

        /* Allocate space for find_vqs parameters */
        vqs = kzalloc(total_vqs * sizeof(*vqs), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!vqs)
                goto err_vq;
        callbacks = kmalloc(total_vqs * sizeof(*callbacks), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!callbacks)
                goto err_callback;
        names = kmalloc(total_vqs * sizeof(*names), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!names)
                goto err_names;

        /* Parameters for control virtqueue, if any */
        if (vi->has_cvq) {
                callbacks[total_vqs - 1] = NULL;
                names[total_vqs - 1] = "control";
        }

        /* Allocate/initialize parameters for send/receive virtqueues */
        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                callbacks[rxq2vq(i)] = skb_recv_done;
                callbacks[txq2vq(i)] = skb_xmit_done;
                sprintf(vi->rq[i].name, "input.%d", i);
                sprintf(vi->sq[i].name, "output.%d", i);
                names[rxq2vq(i)] = vi->rq[i].name;
                names[txq2vq(i)] = vi->sq[i].name;
        }

        ret = vi->vdev->config->find_vqs(vi->vdev, total_vqs, vqs, callbacks,
                                         names);
        if (ret)
                goto err_find;

        if (vi->has_cvq) {
                vi->cvq = vqs[total_vqs - 1];
                if (virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VLAN))
                        vi->dev->features |= NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_CTAG_FILTER;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                vi->rq[i].vq = vqs[rxq2vq(i)];
                vi->sq[i].vq = vqs[txq2vq(i)];
        }

        kfree(names);
        kfree(callbacks);
        kfree(vqs);

        return 0;

err_find:
        kfree(names);
err_names:
        kfree(callbacks);
err_callback:
        kfree(vqs);
err_vq:
        return ret;
}

static int virtnet_alloc_queues(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int i;

        vi->sq = kzalloc(sizeof(*vi->sq) * vi->max_queue_pairs, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!vi->sq)
                goto err_sq;
        vi->rq = kzalloc(sizeof(*vi->rq) * vi->max_queue_pairs, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!vi->rq)
                goto err_rq;

        INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&vi->refill, refill_work);
        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                vi->rq[i].pages = NULL;
                netif_napi_add(vi->dev, &vi->rq[i].napi, virtnet_poll,
                               napi_weight);

                sg_init_table(vi->rq[i].sg, ARRAY_SIZE(vi->rq[i].sg));
                ewma_init(&vi->rq[i].mrg_avg_pkt_len, 1, RECEIVE_AVG_WEIGHT);
                sg_init_table(vi->sq[i].sg, ARRAY_SIZE(vi->sq[i].sg));
        }

        return 0;

err_rq:
        kfree(vi->sq);
err_sq:
        return -ENOMEM;
}

static int init_vqs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int ret;

        /* Allocate send & receive queues */
        ret = virtnet_alloc_queues(vi);
        if (ret)
                goto err;

        ret = virtnet_find_vqs(vi);
        if (ret)
                goto err_free;

        get_online_cpus();
        virtnet_set_affinity(vi);
        put_online_cpus();

        return 0;

err_free:
        virtnet_free_queues(vi);
err:
        return ret;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static ssize_t mergeable_rx_buffer_size_show(struct netdev_rx_queue *queue,
                struct rx_queue_attribute *attribute, char *buf)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(queue->dev);
        unsigned int queue_index = get_netdev_rx_queue_index(queue);
        struct ewma *avg;

        BUG_ON(queue_index >= vi->max_queue_pairs);
        avg = &vi->rq[queue_index].mrg_avg_pkt_len;
        return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", get_mergeable_buf_len(avg));
}

static struct rx_queue_attribute mergeable_rx_buffer_size_attribute =
        __ATTR_RO(mergeable_rx_buffer_size);

static struct attribute *virtio_net_mrg_rx_attrs[] = {
        &mergeable_rx_buffer_size_attribute.attr,
        NULL
};

static const struct attribute_group virtio_net_mrg_rx_group = {
        .name = "virtio_net",
        .attrs = virtio_net_mrg_rx_attrs
};
#endif

static int virtnet_probe(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        int i, err;
        struct net_device *dev;
        struct virtnet_info *vi;
        u16 max_queue_pairs;

        /* Find if host supports multiqueue virtio_net device */
        err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MQ,
                                   struct virtio_net_config,
                                   max_virtqueue_pairs, &max_queue_pairs);

        /* We need at least 2 queue's */
        if (err || max_queue_pairs < VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MQ_VQ_PAIRS_MIN ||
            max_queue_pairs > VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MQ_VQ_PAIRS_MAX ||
            !virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ))
                max_queue_pairs = 1;

        /* Allocate ourselves a network device with room for our info */
        dev = alloc_etherdev_mq(sizeof(struct virtnet_info), max_queue_pairs);
        if (!dev)
                return -ENOMEM;

        /* Set up network device as normal. */
        dev->priv_flags |= IFF_UNICAST_FLT | IFF_LIVE_ADDR_CHANGE;
        dev->netdev_ops = &virtnet_netdev;
        dev->features = NETIF_F_HIGHDMA;

        SET_ETHTOOL_OPS(dev, &virtnet_ethtool_ops);
        SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &vdev->dev);

        /* Do we support "hardware" checksums? */
        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CSUM)) {
                /* This opens up the world of extra features. */
                dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_HW_CSUM|NETIF_F_SG|NETIF_F_FRAGLIST;
                if (csum)
                        dev->features |= NETIF_F_HW_CSUM|NETIF_F_SG|NETIF_F_FRAGLIST;

                if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GSO)) {
                        dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_TSO | NETIF_F_UFO
                                | NETIF_F_TSO_ECN | NETIF_F_TSO6;
                }
                /* Individual feature bits: what can host handle? */
                if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_TSO4))
                        dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_TSO;
                if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_TSO6))
                        dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_TSO6;
                if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_ECN))
                        dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_TSO_ECN;
                if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_UFO))
                        dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_UFO;

                if (gso)
                        dev->features |= dev->hw_features & (NETIF_F_ALL_TSO|NETIF_F_UFO);
                /* (!csum && gso) case will be fixed by register_netdev() */
        }
        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_CSUM))
                dev->features |= NETIF_F_RXCSUM;

        dev->vlan_features = dev->features;

        /* Configuration may specify what MAC to use.  Otherwise random. */
        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MAC))
                virtio_cread_bytes(vdev,
                                   offsetof(struct virtio_net_config, mac),
                                   dev->dev_addr, dev->addr_len);
        else
                eth_hw_addr_random(dev);

        /* Set up our device-specific information */
        vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        vi->dev = dev;
        vi->vdev = vdev;
        vdev->priv = vi;
        vi->stats = alloc_percpu(struct virtnet_stats);
        err = -ENOMEM;
        if (vi->stats == NULL)
                goto free;

        for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
                struct virtnet_stats *virtnet_stats;
                virtnet_stats = per_cpu_ptr(vi->stats, i);
                u64_stats_init(&virtnet_stats->tx_syncp);
                u64_stats_init(&virtnet_stats->rx_syncp);
        }

        mutex_init(&vi->config_lock);
        vi->config_enable = true;
        INIT_WORK(&vi->config_work, virtnet_config_changed_work);

        /* If we can receive ANY GSO packets, we must allocate large ones. */
        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_TSO4) ||
            virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_TSO6) ||
            virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_ECN) ||
            virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_UFO))
                vi->big_packets = true;

        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF))
                vi->mergeable_rx_bufs = true;

        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_ANY_LAYOUT))
                vi->any_header_sg = true;

        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ))
                vi->has_cvq = true;

        /* Use single tx/rx queue pair as default */
        vi->curr_queue_pairs = 1;
        vi->max_queue_pairs = max_queue_pairs;

        /* Allocate/initialize the rx/tx queues, and invoke find_vqs */
        err = init_vqs(vi);
        if (err)
                goto free_stats;

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs)
                dev->sysfs_rx_queue_group = &virtio_net_mrg_rx_group;
#endif
        netif_set_real_num_tx_queues(dev, vi->curr_queue_pairs);
        netif_set_real_num_rx_queues(dev, vi->curr_queue_pairs);

        err = register_netdev(dev);
        if (err) {
                pr_debug("virtio_net: registering device failed\n");
                goto free_vqs;
        }

        /* Last of all, set up some receive buffers. */
        for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++) {
                try_fill_recv(&vi->rq[i], GFP_KERNEL);

                /* If we didn't even get one input buffer, we're useless. */
                if (vi->rq[i].vq->num_free ==
                    virtqueue_get_vring_size(vi->rq[i].vq)) {
                        free_unused_bufs(vi);
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        goto free_recv_bufs;
                }
        }

        vi->nb.notifier_call = &virtnet_cpu_callback;
        err = register_hotcpu_notifier(&vi->nb);
        if (err) {
                pr_debug("virtio_net: registering cpu notifier failed\n");
                goto free_recv_bufs;
        }

        /* Assume link up if device can't report link status,
           otherwise get link status from config. */
        if (virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_STATUS)) {
                netif_carrier_off(dev);
                schedule_work(&vi->config_work);
        } else {
                vi->status = VIRTIO_NET_S_LINK_UP;
                netif_carrier_on(dev);
        }

        pr_debug("virtnet: registered device %s with %d RX and TX vq's\n",
                 dev->name, max_queue_pairs);

        return 0;

free_recv_bufs:
        free_receive_bufs(vi);
        unregister_netdev(dev);
free_vqs:
        cancel_delayed_work_sync(&vi->refill);
        free_receive_page_frags(vi);
        virtnet_del_vqs(vi);
free_stats:
        free_percpu(vi->stats);
free:
        free_netdev(dev);
        return err;
}

static void remove_vq_common(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        vi->vdev->config->reset(vi->vdev);

        /* Free unused buffers in both send and recv, if any. */
        free_unused_bufs(vi);

        free_receive_bufs(vi);

        free_receive_page_frags(vi);

        virtnet_del_vqs(vi);
}

static void virtnet_remove(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = vdev->priv;

        unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&vi->nb);

        /* Prevent config work handler from accessing the device. */
        mutex_lock(&vi->config_lock);
        vi->config_enable = false;
        mutex_unlock(&vi->config_lock);

        unregister_netdev(vi->dev);

        remove_vq_common(vi);

        flush_work(&vi->config_work);

        free_percpu(vi->stats);
        free_netdev(vi->dev);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
static int virtnet_freeze(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = vdev->priv;
        int i;

        unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&vi->nb);

        /* Prevent config work handler from accessing the device */
        mutex_lock(&vi->config_lock);
        vi->config_enable = false;
        mutex_unlock(&vi->config_lock);

        netif_device_detach(vi->dev);
        cancel_delayed_work_sync(&vi->refill);

        if (netif_running(vi->dev))
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        napi_disable(&vi->rq[i].napi);
                        netif_napi_del(&vi->rq[i].napi);
                }

        remove_vq_common(vi);

        flush_work(&vi->config_work);

        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_restore(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = vdev->priv;
        int err, i;

        err = init_vqs(vi);
        if (err)
                return err;

        if (netif_running(vi->dev)) {
                for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++)
                        if (!try_fill_recv(&vi->rq[i], GFP_KERNEL))
                                schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, 0);

                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++)
                        virtnet_napi_enable(&vi->rq[i]);
        }

        netif_device_attach(vi->dev);

        mutex_lock(&vi->config_lock);
        vi->config_enable = true;
        mutex_unlock(&vi->config_lock);

        rtnl_lock();
        virtnet_set_queues(vi, vi->curr_queue_pairs);
        rtnl_unlock();

        err = register_hotcpu_notifier(&vi->nb);
        if (err)
                return err;

        return 0;
}
#endif

static struct virtio_device_id id_table[] = {
        { VIRTIO_ID_NET, VIRTIO_DEV_ANY_ID },
        { 0 },
};

static unsigned int features[] = {
        VIRTIO_NET_F_CSUM, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_CSUM,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_GSO, VIRTIO_NET_F_MAC,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_TSO4, VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_UFO, VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_TSO6,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_ECN, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_TSO4, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_TSO6,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_ECN, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_UFO,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF, VIRTIO_NET_F_STATUS, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_RX, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VLAN,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_ANNOUNCE, VIRTIO_NET_F_MQ,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_MAC_ADDR,
        VIRTIO_F_ANY_LAYOUT,
};

static struct virtio_driver virtio_net_driver = {
        .feature_table = features,
        .feature_table_size = ARRAY_SIZE(features),
        .driver.name =  KBUILD_MODNAME,
        .driver.owner = THIS_MODULE,
        .id_table =     id_table,
        .probe =        virtnet_probe,
        .remove =       virtnet_remove,
        .config_changed = virtnet_config_changed,
#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
        .freeze =       virtnet_freeze,
        .restore =      virtnet_restore,
#endif
};

module_virtio_driver(virtio_net_driver);

MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(virtio, id_table);
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Virtio network driver");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");