Pileus Git - grits/blob - src/gis-opengl.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (C) 2009 Andy Spencer <spenceal@rose-hulman.edu>
   3  *
   4  * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   5  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   6  * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   7  * (at your option) any later version.
   8  *
   9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  13  *
  14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  15  * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  16  */
  17
  18 /* Tessellation, "finding intersecting triangles" */
  19 /* http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/70307/tr-2006-81.pdf */
  20 /* http://www.opengl.org/wiki/Alpha_Blending */
  21
  22 #include <config.h>
  23 #include <math.h>
  24 #include <gdk/gdkkeysyms.h>
  25 #include <gtk/gtk.h>
  26 #include <gtk/gtkgl.h>
  27 #include <GL/gl.h>
  28 #include <GL/glu.h>
  29
  30 #include "gis-opengl.h"
  31 #include "gis-util.h"
  32 #include "roam.h"
  33
  34 #define FOV_DIST   2000.0
  35 #define MPPX(dist) (4*dist/FOV_DIST)
  36
  37 // #define ROAM_DEBUG
  38
  39 /*************
  40  * ROAM Code *
  41  *************/
  42 static void set_visuals(GisOpenGL *self)
  43 {
  44         glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
  45         glLoadIdentity();
  46
  47         /* Camera 1 */
  48         double lat, lon, elev, rx, ry, rz;
  49         gis_viewer_get_location(self->viewer, &lat, &lon, &elev);
  50         gis_viewer_get_rotation(self->viewer, &rx, &ry, &rz);
  51         glRotatef(rx, 1, 0, 0);
  52         glRotatef(rz, 0, 0, 1);
  53
  54         /* Lighting */
  55 #ifdef ROAM_DEBUG
  56         float light_ambient[]  = {0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f};
  57         float light_diffuse[]  = {2.0f, 2.0f, 2.0f, 1.0f};
  58 #else
  59         float light_ambient[]  = {0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f};
  60         float light_diffuse[]  = {5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f, 1.0f};
  61 #endif
  62         float light_position[] = {-13*EARTH_R, 1*EARTH_R, 3*EARTH_R, 1.0f};
  63         glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT,  light_ambient);
  64         glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE,  light_diffuse);
  65         glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position);
  66         glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
  67         glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
  68
  69         float material_ambient[]  = {0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0};
  70         float material_diffuse[]  = {0.8, 0.8, 0.8, 1.0};
  71         float material_specular[] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0};
  72         float material_emission[] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0};
  73         glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT,  material_ambient);
  74         glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_DIFFUSE,  material_diffuse);
  75         glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SPECULAR, material_specular);
  76         glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_EMISSION, material_emission);
  77         glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
  78         glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
  79
  80         /* Camera 2 */
  81         glTranslatef(0, 0, -elev2rad(elev));
  82         glRotatef(lat, 1, 0, 0);
  83         glRotatef(-lon, 0, 1, 0);
  84
  85         /* Misc */
  86         gdouble rg   = MAX(0, 1-(elev/20000));
  87         gdouble blue = MAX(0, 1-(elev/50000));
  88         glClearColor(MIN(0.65,rg), MIN(0.65,rg), MIN(1,blue), 1.0f);
  89         glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 1);
  90
  91         glDisable(GL_ALPHA_TEST);
  92
  93         glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
  94         glEnable(GL_BLEND);
  95
  96 #ifndef ROAM_DEBUG
  97         glCullFace(GL_BACK);
  98         glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
  99 #endif
 100
 101         glClearDepth(1.0);
 102         glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
 103         glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
 104
 105         glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH);
 106
 107         glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL);
 108         //glShadeModel(GL_FLAT);
 109
 110         roam_sphere_update_view(self->sphere);
 111 }
 112
 113
 114 /*************
 115  * Callbacks *
 116  *************/
 117 static void on_realize(GisOpenGL *self, gpointer _)
 118 {
 119         g_debug("GisOpenGL: on_realize");
 120         set_visuals(self);
 121         roam_sphere_update_errors(self->sphere);
 122 }
 123 static gboolean on_configure(GisOpenGL *self, GdkEventConfigure *event, gpointer _)
 124 {
 125         g_debug("GisOpenGL: on_configure");
 126         gis_opengl_begin(self);
 127
 128         double width  = GTK_WIDGET(self)->allocation.width;
 129         double height = GTK_WIDGET(self)->allocation.height;
 130         glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
 131
 132         glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
 133         glLoadIdentity();
 134         double ang = atan(height/FOV_DIST);
 135         gluPerspective(rad2deg(ang)*2, width/height, 1, 20*EARTH_R);
 136
 137 #ifndef ROAM_DEBUG
 138         roam_sphere_update_errors(self->sphere);
 139 #endif
 140
 141         gis_opengl_end(self);
 142         return FALSE;
 143 }
 144
 145 static void on_expose_plugin(GisPlugin *plugin, gchar *name, GisOpenGL *self)
 146 {
 147         set_visuals(self);
 148         glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glPushMatrix();
 149         glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);  glPushMatrix();
 150         gis_plugin_expose(plugin);
 151         glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glPopMatrix();
 152         glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);  glPopMatrix();
 153 }
 154 static gboolean on_expose(GisOpenGL *self, GdkEventExpose *event, gpointer _)
 155 {
 156         g_debug("GisOpenGL: on_expose - begin");
 157         gis_opengl_begin(self);
 158
 159         glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
 160
 161 #ifndef ROAM_DEBUG
 162         gis_plugins_foreach(self->plugins, G_CALLBACK(on_expose_plugin), self);
 163
 164         if (self->wireframe) {
 165                 set_visuals(self);
 166                 glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
 167                 roam_sphere_draw(self->sphere);
 168         }
 169 #else
 170         set_visuals(self);
 171         glColor4f(0.0, 0.0, 9.0, 0.6);
 172         glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
 173         glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
 174         roam_sphere_draw(self->sphere);
 175
 176         //roam_sphere_draw_normals(self->sphere);
 177 #endif
 178
 179         set_visuals(self);
 180         gis_opengl_end(self);
 181         gis_opengl_flush(self);
 182         g_debug("GisOpenGL: on_expose - end\n");
 183         return FALSE;
 184 }
 185
 186 static gboolean on_button_press(GisOpenGL *self, GdkEventButton *event, gpointer _)
 187 {
 188         g_debug("GisOpenGL: on_button_press - Grabbing focus");
 189         gtk_widget_grab_focus(GTK_WIDGET(self));
 190         return TRUE;
 191 }
 192
 193 static gboolean on_key_press(GisOpenGL *self, GdkEventKey *event, gpointer _)
 194 {
 195         g_debug("GisOpenGL: on_key_press - key=%x, state=%x, plus=%x",
 196                         event->keyval, event->state, GDK_plus);
 197
 198         double lat, lon, elev, pan;
 199         gis_viewer_get_location(self->viewer, &lat, &lon, &elev);
 200         pan = MIN(elev/(EARTH_R/2), 30);
 201         guint kv = event->keyval;
 202         gdk_threads_leave();
 203         if      (kv == GDK_Left  || kv == GDK_h) gis_viewer_pan(self->viewer,  0,  -pan, 0);
 204         else if (kv == GDK_Down  || kv == GDK_j) gis_viewer_pan(self->viewer, -pan, 0,   0);
 205         else if (kv == GDK_Up    || kv == GDK_k) gis_viewer_pan(self->viewer,  pan, 0,   0);
 206         else if (kv == GDK_Right || kv == GDK_l) gis_viewer_pan(self->viewer,  0,   pan, 0);
 207         else if (kv == GDK_minus || kv == GDK_o) gis_viewer_zoom(self->viewer, 10./9);
 208         else if (kv == GDK_plus  || kv == GDK_i) gis_viewer_zoom(self->viewer, 9./10);
 209         else if (kv == GDK_H) gis_viewer_rotate(self->viewer,  0, 0, -2);
 210         else if (kv == GDK_J) gis_viewer_rotate(self->viewer,  2, 0,  0);
 211         else if (kv == GDK_K) gis_viewer_rotate(self->viewer, -2, 0,  0);
 212         else if (kv == GDK_L) gis_viewer_rotate(self->viewer,  0, 0,  2);
 213
 214         /* Testing */
 215         else if (kv == GDK_w) {self->wireframe = !self->wireframe; gtk_widget_queue_draw(GTK_WIDGET(self));}
 216 #ifdef ROAM_DEBUG
 217         else if (kv == GDK_n) roam_sphere_split_one(self->sphere);
 218         else if (kv == GDK_p) roam_sphere_merge_one(self->sphere);
 219         else if (kv == GDK_r) roam_sphere_split_merge(self->sphere);
 220         else if (kv == GDK_u) roam_sphere_update_errors(self->sphere);
 221         gdk_threads_enter();
 222         gtk_widget_queue_draw(GTK_WIDGET(self));
 223 #else
 224         gdk_threads_enter();
 225 #endif
 226
 227         return TRUE;
 228 }
 229
 230 static gboolean _update_errors_cb(gpointer sphere)
 231 {
 232         roam_sphere_update_errors(sphere);
 233         return FALSE;
 234 }
 235 static void on_view_changed(GisViewer *viewer,
 236                 gdouble _1, gdouble _2, gdouble _3, GisOpenGL *self)
 237 {
 238         g_debug("GisOpenGL: on_view_changed");
 239         gdk_threads_enter();
 240         gis_opengl_begin(self);
 241         set_visuals(self);
 242 #ifndef ROAM_DEBUG
 243         g_idle_add_full(G_PRIORITY_HIGH_IDLE+30, _update_errors_cb, self->sphere, NULL);
 244         //roam_sphere_update_errors(self->sphere);
 245 #endif
 246         gis_opengl_redraw(self);
 247         gis_opengl_end(self);
 248         gdk_threads_leave();
 249 }
 250
 251 static gboolean on_idle(GisOpenGL *self)
 252 {
 253         //g_debug("GisOpenGL: on_idle");
 254         gdk_threads_enter();
 255         gis_opengl_begin(self);
 256         if (roam_sphere_split_merge(self->sphere))
 257                 gis_opengl_redraw(self);
 258         gis_opengl_end(self);
 259         gdk_threads_leave();
 260         return TRUE;
 261 }
 262
 263
 264 /***********
 265  * Methods *
 266  ***********/
 267 GisOpenGL *gis_opengl_new(GisViewer *viewer, GisPlugins *plugins)
 268 {
 269         g_debug("GisOpenGL: new");
 270         GisOpenGL *self = g_object_new(GIS_TYPE_OPENGL, NULL);
 271         self->viewer  = viewer;
 272         self->plugins = plugins;
 273         g_object_ref(viewer);
 274
 275         g_signal_connect(self->viewer, "location-changed", G_CALLBACK(on_view_changed), self);
 276         g_signal_connect(self->viewer, "rotation-changed", G_CALLBACK(on_view_changed), self);
 277
 278         self->sphere = roam_sphere_new(self);
 279
 280         return g_object_ref(self);
 281 }
 282
 283 void gis_opengl_center_position(GisOpenGL *self, gdouble lat, gdouble lon, gdouble elev)
 284 {
 285         glRotatef(lon, 0, 1, 0);
 286         glRotatef(-lat, 1, 0, 0);
 287         glTranslatef(0, 0, elev2rad(elev));
 288 }
 289
 290 void gis_opengl_project(GisOpenGL *self,
 291                 gdouble lat, gdouble lon, gdouble elev,
 292                 gdouble *px, gdouble *py, gdouble *pz)
 293 {
 294         gdouble x, y, z;
 295         lle2xyz(lat, lon, elev, &x, &y, &z);
 296         gluProject(x, y, z,
 297                 self->sphere->view->model,
 298                 self->sphere->view->proj,
 299                 self->sphere->view->view,
 300                 px, py, pz);
 301 }
 302
 303 void gis_opengl_render_tile(GisOpenGL *self, GisTile *tile)
 304 {
 305         if (!tile || !tile->data)
 306                 return;
 307         GList *triangles = roam_sphere_get_intersect(self->sphere,
 308                         tile->edge.n, tile->edge.s, tile->edge.e, tile->edge.w);
 309         if (!triangles)
 310                 g_warning("GisOpenGL: render_tiles - No triangles to draw: edges=%f,%f,%f,%f",
 311                         tile->edge.n, tile->edge.s, tile->edge.e, tile->edge.w);
 312         //g_message("rendering %4d triangles for tile edges=%7.2f,%7.2f,%7.2f,%7.2f",
 313         //              g_list_length(triangles), tile->edge.n, tile->edge.s, tile->edge.e, tile->edge.w);
 314         for (GList *cur = triangles; cur; cur = cur->next) {
 315                 RoamTriangle *tri = cur->data;
 316
 317                 gdouble lat[3] = {tri->p.r->lat, tri->p.m->lat, tri->p.l->lat};
 318                 gdouble lon[3] = {tri->p.r->lon, tri->p.m->lon, tri->p.l->lon};
 319
 320                 if (lon[0] < -90 || lon[1] < -90 || lon[2] < -90) {
 321                         if (lon[0] > 90) lon[0] -= 360;
 322                         if (lon[1] > 90) lon[1] -= 360;
 323                         if (lon[2] > 90) lon[2] -= 360;
 324                 }
 325
 326                 gdouble n = tile->edge.n;
 327                 gdouble s = tile->edge.s;
 328                 gdouble e = tile->edge.e;
 329                 gdouble w = tile->edge.w;
 330
 331                 gdouble londist = e - w;
 332                 gdouble latdist = n - s;
 333
 334                 gdouble xy[][3] = {
 335                         {(lon[0]-w)/londist, 1-(lat[0]-s)/latdist},
 336                         {(lon[1]-w)/londist, 1-(lat[1]-s)/latdist},
 337                         {(lon[2]-w)/londist, 1-(lat[2]-s)/latdist},
 338                 };
 339
 340                 glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
 341                 glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, *(guint*)tile->data);
 342                 glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
 343                 glNormal3dv(tri->p.r->norm); glTexCoord2dv(xy[0]); glVertex3dv((double*)tri->p.r);
 344                 glNormal3dv(tri->p.m->norm); glTexCoord2dv(xy[1]); glVertex3dv((double*)tri->p.m);
 345                 glNormal3dv(tri->p.l->norm); glTexCoord2dv(xy[2]); glVertex3dv((double*)tri->p.l);
 346                 glEnd();
 347         }
 348         g_list_free(triangles);
 349 }
 350
 351 void gis_opengl_render_tiles(GisOpenGL *opengl, GisTile *tile)
 352 {
 353         /* Only render children if possible */
 354         gboolean has_children = TRUE;
 355         GisTile *child;
 356         gis_tile_foreach(tile, child)
 357                 if (!child || !child->data)
 358                         has_children = FALSE;
 359         if (has_children)
 360                 /* Only render children */
 361                 gis_tile_foreach(tile, child)
 362                         gis_opengl_render_tiles(opengl, child);
 363         else
 364                 /* No children, render this tile */
 365                 gis_opengl_render_tile(opengl, tile);
 366 }
 367
 368 void gis_opengl_set_height_func(GisOpenGL *self, GisTile *tile,
 369                 RoamHeightFunc height_func, gpointer user_data, gboolean update)
 370 {
 371         if (!tile)
 372                 return;
 373         /* TODO: get points? */
 374         GList *triangles = roam_sphere_get_intersect(self->sphere,
 375                         tile->edge.n, tile->edge.s, tile->edge.e, tile->edge.w);
 376         for (GList *cur = triangles; cur; cur = cur->next) {
 377                 RoamTriangle *tri = cur->data;
 378                 RoamPoint *points[] = {tri->p.l, tri->p.m, tri->p.r, tri->split};
 379                 for (int i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS(points); i++) {
 380                         points[i]->height_func = height_func;
 381                         points[i]->height_data = user_data;
 382                         roam_point_update_height(points[i]);
 383                 }
 384         }
 385         g_list_free(triangles);
 386 }
 387
 388 static void _gis_opengl_clear_height_func_rec(RoamTriangle *root)
 389 {
 390         if (!root)
 391                 return;
 392         RoamPoint *points[] = {root->p.l, root->p.m, root->p.r, root->split};
 393         for (int i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS(points); i++) {
 394                 points[i]->height_func = NULL;
 395                 points[i]->height_data = NULL;
 396                 roam_point_update_height(points[i]);
 397         }
 398         _gis_opengl_clear_height_func_rec(root->kids[0]);
 399         _gis_opengl_clear_height_func_rec(root->kids[1]);
 400 }
 401 void gis_opengl_clear_height_func(GisOpenGL *self)
 402 {
 403         for (int i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS(self->sphere->roots); i++)
 404                 _gis_opengl_clear_height_func_rec(self->sphere->roots[i]);
 405 }
 406
 407 void gis_opengl_redraw(GisOpenGL *self)
 408 {
 409         g_debug("GisOpenGL: redraw");
 410         gtk_widget_queue_draw(GTK_WIDGET(self));
 411 }
 412 void gis_opengl_begin(GisOpenGL *self)
 413 {
 414         g_assert(GIS_IS_OPENGL(self));
 415
 416         GdkGLContext   *glcontext  = gtk_widget_get_gl_context(GTK_WIDGET(self));
 417         GdkGLDrawable  *gldrawable = gtk_widget_get_gl_drawable(GTK_WIDGET(self));
 418
 419         if (!gdk_gl_drawable_gl_begin(gldrawable, glcontext))
 420                 g_assert_not_reached();
 421 }
 422 void gis_opengl_end(GisOpenGL *self)
 423 {
 424         g_assert(GIS_IS_OPENGL(self));
 425         GdkGLDrawable *gldrawable = gtk_widget_get_gl_drawable(GTK_WIDGET(self));
 426         gdk_gl_drawable_gl_end(gldrawable);
 427 }
 428 void gis_opengl_flush(GisOpenGL *self)
 429 {
 430         g_assert(GIS_IS_OPENGL(self));
 431         GdkGLDrawable *gldrawable = gtk_widget_get_gl_drawable(GTK_WIDGET(self));
 432         if (gdk_gl_drawable_is_double_buffered(gldrawable))
 433                 gdk_gl_drawable_swap_buffers(gldrawable);
 434         else
 435                 glFlush();
 436         gdk_gl_drawable_gl_end(gldrawable);
 437 }
 438
 439
 440 /****************
 441  * GObject code *
 442  ****************/
 443 G_DEFINE_TYPE(GisOpenGL, gis_opengl, GTK_TYPE_DRAWING_AREA);
 444 static void gis_opengl_init(GisOpenGL *self)
 445 {
 446         g_debug("GisOpenGL: init");
 447         /* OpenGL setup */
 448         GdkGLConfig *glconfig = gdk_gl_config_new_by_mode(
 449                         GDK_GL_MODE_RGBA   | GDK_GL_MODE_DEPTH |
 450                         GDK_GL_MODE_DOUBLE | GDK_GL_MODE_ALPHA);
 451         if (!glconfig)
 452                 g_error("Failed to create glconfig");
 453         if (!gtk_widget_set_gl_capability(GTK_WIDGET(self),
 454                                 glconfig, NULL, TRUE, GDK_GL_RGBA_TYPE))
 455                 g_error("GL lacks required capabilities");
 456         g_object_unref(glconfig);
 457
 458         gtk_widget_set_size_request(GTK_WIDGET(self), 600, 550);
 459         gtk_widget_set_events(GTK_WIDGET(self),
 460                         GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK |
 461                         GDK_ENTER_NOTIFY_MASK |
 462                         GDK_KEY_PRESS_MASK);
 463         g_object_set(self, "can-focus", TRUE, NULL);
 464
 465 #ifndef ROAM_DEBUG
 466         self->sm_source[0] = g_timeout_add_full(G_PRIORITY_HIGH_IDLE+30, 33,  (GSourceFunc)on_idle, self, NULL);
 467         self->sm_source[1] = g_timeout_add_full(G_PRIORITY_HIGH_IDLE+10, 500, (GSourceFunc)on_idle, self, NULL);
 468 #endif
 469
 470         g_signal_connect(self, "realize",            G_CALLBACK(on_realize),      NULL);
 471         g_signal_connect(self, "configure-event",    G_CALLBACK(on_configure),    NULL);
 472         g_signal_connect(self, "expose-event",       G_CALLBACK(on_expose),       NULL);
 473
 474         g_signal_connect(self, "button-press-event", G_CALLBACK(on_button_press), NULL);
 475         g_signal_connect(self, "enter-notify-event", G_CALLBACK(on_button_press), NULL);
 476         g_signal_connect(self, "key-press-event",    G_CALLBACK(on_key_press),    NULL);
 477 }
 478 static GObject *gis_opengl_constructor(GType gtype, guint n_properties,
 479                 GObjectConstructParam *properties)
 480 {
 481         g_debug("GisOpengl: constructor");
 482         GObjectClass *parent_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS(gis_opengl_parent_class);
 483         return parent_class->constructor(gtype, n_properties, properties);
 484 }
 485 static void gis_opengl_dispose(GObject *_self)
 486 {
 487         g_debug("GisOpenGL: dispose");
 488         GisOpenGL *self = GIS_OPENGL(_self);
 489         if (self->sm_source[0]) {
 490                 g_source_remove(self->sm_source[0]);
 491                 self->sm_source[0] = 0;
 492         }
 493         if (self->sm_source[1]) {
 494                 g_source_remove(self->sm_source[1]);
 495                 self->sm_source[1] = 0;
 496         }
 497         if (self->sphere) {
 498                 roam_sphere_free(self->sphere);
 499                 self->sphere = NULL;
 500         }
 501         if (self->viewer) {
 502                 g_object_unref(self->viewer);
 503                 self->viewer = NULL;
 504         }
 505         G_OBJECT_CLASS(gis_opengl_parent_class)->dispose(_self);
 506 }
 507 static void gis_opengl_finalize(GObject *_self)
 508 {
 509         g_debug("GisOpenGL: finalize");
 510         GisOpenGL *self = GIS_OPENGL(_self);
 511         G_OBJECT_CLASS(gis_opengl_parent_class)->finalize(_self);
 512 }
 513 static void gis_opengl_class_init(GisOpenGLClass *klass)
 514 {
 515         g_debug("GisOpenGL: class_init");
 516         GObjectClass *gobject_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS(klass);
 517         gobject_class->constructor  = gis_opengl_constructor;
 518         gobject_class->dispose      = gis_opengl_dispose;
 519         gobject_class->finalize     = gis_opengl_finalize;
 520 }